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Biblical Worldview
Integration: The Hallmark of Kingdom-focused Teaching
by Dr. Glen Schultz
Today the term "worldview" is an oft referred to topic in
every aspect of life. The subject of
worldviews has a major impact on education in two major ways. First, worldview thinking influences how and
what a person teaches in every classroom.
There is no question that a teacher's worldview has a tremendous
influence on the worldview that his/her students will develop.
Second, an educational system's worldview helps shape the worldview
held by any given society. It is
interesting to note that anytime a revolutionary government takes over a
country, one of the first acts of the new government is the taking over of the
country's educational system. The
leaders of the new government know that education can shape the thinking of its
citizens according to the beliefs of the government that now directs the
educational system.
In order to understand the impact that worldview thinking
has on education, we must first define what is meant by the term "worldview". Phillip Johnson states that "our worldview is
the window by which we view the world, and decide, often subconsciously, what
is real and important, or unreal and unimportant."[1] Another working definition of this term is
that a worldview is
a person's mental concept of the
"big picture" of reality as shaped by our conscious beliefs or subconscious
assumptions about God, Creation, Mankind, Moral Order and Purpose.[2]
From these two definitions we can see that a person's
worldview forms a framework around anything and everything in life that causes
that person to decide what is real and what is true. Our personal worldview will drive all of our
actions and attitudes in everyday life.
Education has been greatly influenced by a secular
worldview. In the realm of a secular
view of life
- God
does not exist or, if one does exist, he is not involved in the affairs of
man and therefore the supernatural is not relevant to truth and reality
- the
universe is a product of time and chance
- mankind
is a result of the naturalistic process of evolution
- moral
order is determined or constructed by each individual and/or culture
- there
is no universal purpose to life.
The impact of this predominant worldview in education has
resulted in life being divided into two spheres - the secular and the sacred. This dualistic view of life is sometimes
referred to as the secular/sacred divide.
When Horace Mann lobbied to get a common (public) school
system established in our country, his main point of emphasis was the
secular/sacred divide that separated religion and education into two different
and isolated compartments of life. He
successfully argued that the home and the church should teach faith and values
and the school should teach facts. The
implied meaning behind this statement was that education dealt with neutral
facts and faith and values only applied to one's religious life. According to Mann, these two spheres can
operate exclusive of one another.
The longer I am involved in Christian education and still
see so many Christian parents and church leaders send their children to
secularly-based education programs, the more I am convinced that the average
Christian has adopted a secular worldview - especially when it comes to
educating their children. Even in the
minds of many fine Christian teachers, pastors and parents, there is the belief
that "we all have access to neutral knowledge where religious and philosophical
values are not supposed to interfere."[3]
By accepting this secular/sacred divide, "Christians have
essentially accepted a trade off: so
long as we are allowed to hold our Bible studies and prayer meetings, we've
turned over the content of the
academic fields to the secularists." Even in our Christian schools we find
everyday practices reflecting this secular view of "academics".
In many Christian schools, the
typical strategy is to inject a few narrowly defined "religious" elements into
the classroom, like prayer and Bible memorization - and then teach exactly the
same things as the secular schools. The
curriculum merely spreads a layer of spiritual devotion over the subject matter
like icing on a cake, while the content itself stays the same.[4]
I agree wholeheartedly with Phillip Johnson and Nancy
Pearcey when they warn that
Christian education is likely to be
an exercise in futility if it does not prepare our young people to confront and
survive the worldview challenges that they will surely meet...training young
people to develop a Christian mind is no longer an option; it is part of their
necessary survival equipment."[5]
If we do not help our students carefully chisel out their
individual worldviews from a biblical basis, they will automatically "adopt the
values of the cultural majority."[6]
Christian education has historically sounded the call for
integration of faith and learning.
Biblical integration, however, has remained mainly in the theoretical
part of teaching and learning. There has
been very little guidance in how to effectively plan and implement true
biblical worldview integration.
The education we give our students must lead to true wisdom
and understanding by connecting all knowledge to a biblical worldview frame of
reference. Training teachers to be able
to do this is one of the biggest challenges facing Christian school administrators
today.
The first thing that every Christian educator must do is
reject the secular dualistic view of knowledge.
There is no such thing as a neutral or value free body of
knowledge. This is because
God is the sole source of the
entire created order. No other gods
compete with Him; no natural forces exist on their own; nothing receives its
nature or existence from another source.
Thus His word, or laws, or creation ordinances give the world its order
and structure...There is no philosophically or spiritually neutral subject
matter.[7]
For example, consider the simple mathematical fact that
states 2 + 2 = 4. To a person who
interprets this math expression from a secular worldview, it simply means that
2 of something plus 2 of something equals 4 of something. It is purely a neutral piece of knowledge.
However, when this fact is connected to a biblical worldview
framework, it takes on greater meaning - its God-intended meaning. To the biblically-integrated teacher, this
absolute math fact teaches that God is a God of absolutes, that the Creation
operates under God-created absolutes, that Man has the ability to understand
these absolutes, that Moral Order requires accountability to moral absolutes
and that one's Purpose in life can be achieved by obeying moral absolutes. Even in math, one can understand more about
God and His creation when it is taught within the framework of a biblical
worldview.
Second, we must completely submit our minds to the God of
creation. As Pearcey points out, "the
fear of some 'god' is the beginning of every proposed system of knowledge."[8] We must follow God's Word that declares the
fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom.
This will require us to interpret every piece of knowledge in the light
of God's truth.
Nothing has an autonomous or
independent identity, separate from the will of the Creator. As a result all creation must be interpreted
in light of its relationship to God. In
any subject area we study, we are discovering the laws or creation ordinances
by which God structured the world.[9]
Biblical worldview integration requires that every teacher
develops his/her own biblical philosophy of life. Effective integration cannot rise out of
biblical ignorance. Over the years that
I have been involved in Christian school education, I have witnessed a great
improvement in the quality of teachers that schools have hired. We have improved greatly on putting faculty
in the classroom that have degrees in education and are very knowledgeable in
the subject areas they teach.
However, we now tend to fall short in hiring and/or
developing faculty members who are strong in the area of biblical knowledge
"expecting that strong church affiliation and personal devotions will fulfill
that side of the requirement. Such teachers
can no more construct an evangelical world and life view than a practicing
pastor can integrate Scripture and astronomy from watching several episodes of
'Nova'."[10] I have witnessed this first hand as I have
recently trained over 600 teachers in how to effectively plan biblical
worldview integration. One of the
biggest challenges many of these teachers faced was not having an arsenal of
biblical truths that they could use to connect the subject matter of a lesson
to one of the five components of a worldview that have been mentioned earlier
in this article.
Finally, we must learn how to plan, implement and evaluate
true biblical worldview integration into any lesson we might teach. We cannot leave this all important aspect of
Christian education merely to chance.
Every teacher must be intentional in connecting any and every subject at
every grade level to be a biblical worldview framework.
I am excited about the recently developed Biblical Worldview
Integration Planner that has been put together by Don Johnson and Christian
Overman. This planning tool effectively
moves the Christian school teacher out of the theory of integration into the
practical application of this theory in the classroom. Here at LifeWay Christian School Resources,
we have trained over 1,000 teachers in one month on how to use this
planner. We have seen teachers view
their subject matter from a new perspective - one that is connected to a
biblical worldview framework. Thus they
are able to teach the students not just neutral academic facts but unveil to
them the God-intended meaning behind these facts. This is training that every Christian
educator needs to have if we are going to be successful in the mission of
Christian education.
With God's help and our determination to think, act and
teach from a biblical worldview we can provide an education to the next
generation that will equip the students to see all of life as it relates to
God, Himself. It is a daunting task but
it is what Christian education is all about.
Recommended resources on this topic include:
Kingdom Education by Glen Schultz - www.lifeway.com/schoolresources
Making the Connections training available through www.biblicalworldviewinstitute.org
The Whole Truth by Mark Eckel - www.biblicalintegration.com
Total Truth by Nancy Pearcey - Crossway Books
[1] Pearcey,
Nancy. Total Truth: Liberating Christianity from Its Cultural Captivity.
Crossway Books: Wheaton, IL. Forward by Phillip E. Johnson. Page 11.
[2] Johnson,
D. and Overman, C. Making the Connections: How to Put Biblical Integration
into Practice. The Biblical Worldview Institute: Puyallup, WA.
2003. Page 16.
[3] Pearcey.
Page 39.
[4] Ibid.
Page 37.
[5] Ibid.
Pages 12 & 19.
[6] Morley,
P. as quoted by Glen Schultz in Kingdom Education: God's Plan for Educating
Future Generations. LifeWay Press: Nashville,
TN. 2003. Page 39.
[7] Pearcey.
Page 45.
[8] Ibid.
Page 45.
[9] Ibid.
Page 35.
[10] Gangel,
K. as quoted by Mark Eckel in The Whole Truth: Classroom Strategies for
Biblical Integration. Xulon Press. 2003. Page 52.
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Dr. Glen Schultz
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